Wednesday, August 31, 2016

Autumn Drama Israelis Are Facing

Nadene Goldfoot                                                                        

Israel is in the middle of a neighborhood of Arab nations with its own 1.7 million Arab citizens.  Arabs have carried on wars with other Arabs for a millenia so this is not a deterrent to them.  You'd think that all these surrounding states would continue to ignore what was once the dregs of Palestine, but since Israel was created in 1948, that hasn't been the case.  Wee Israel is 650 times smaller in landmass than they are.  Israel is outnumbered in population by 56 to 1 with only 7.7 million people (6 million of which are Jews).
                                                                           
Hezbollah missile launcher
Syrian missiles pointed towards Israel
                                                                 
Tammam Salam of Lebanon; took over May 25, 2014
An incumbent, of Independent Party

Lebanon used to be the happy state ruled by minority Christians, but they were assassinated. 
Arabs used to take holidays here to relax and have fun;  this was the Paris of the Middle East. 
2016, Autumn almost upon us, and we see Lebanon overtaken by the Iranian-controlled terrorists, Hezbollah, who have more than 150,000 rockets and missiles.  Many of them are those that can strike any parts of Israel. Al Qaeda has embedded most of its artillery inside civilian towns, buffered by human shields.   Jews living in Safed has about 10 seconds to reach safety after the air-raid warning.  Haifa has 25 seconds, Nazareth has 35 seconds, Netanya has a little better than 50 seconds, Ramallah, an Arab village, and Tel Aviv have 75 seconds;  Beersheba has 120 seconds.  They have to be very very close to shelter to respond in time.
                                                                             
al-Qaeda 
Syria houses al-Qaeda and ISIS, 2 horrible terrorist groups.  Between the 2, they've taken over much of this state.  ISIS intends to take over much more territory for their Islamic State; a Caliphate. ISIS has also taken over much of Iraq.  These terrorists organize and inspire terrorism outside of Middle East as well and have had deadly attacks in Orlando, Florida on June 12, 2016, San Bernardino, USA on December 2, 2015 with Mateen, the lone shooter, " Mateen swearing allegiance to the leader of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, Paris, Nice, Belgium and other places.  They are doing atrocities to people and incite more anti-Israel and anti-American extremism.
                                                         
ISIS on the killing field
                 
Sayyed Ali Khamenei, supreme Leader of Iran
Accepted office June 4, 1989 at age 49; now 76 years old.
In came extreme religion that replaced the Shah of Iran.   
All this suits Iran to a tee.  They are the ones causing so much chaos in this neighborhood and have interfered with the destinies of not only Syria and Iraq, but also Lebanon, Yemen and Bahrain and most especially, Israel by fighting them with its terrorist proxies.  Iran has millions of dollars in which to pay off these terrorists and buy arms for them to use. This country's radical leaders have test fired long-range missiles that can carry warheads, illegally kept ten USA sailors, and stepped up their support for terrorism.  Tehran will furtheer destabilize the region with the $150 billion they receive in sanctions relief.   Iran is in possession of ballistic missiles that can carry a nuclear or chemical warhead for 1,500 miles!  Tehran is working on missiles that can go further and reach the USA.  Soon, if not already, they will have the nuclear warhead for just this purpose.  Their state is made up mostly of Shi'ites, who are at odds with the Arab Sunni population.  Though they are both Muslims of the Islamic religion, they differ in certain technicalities.
                                                                                                                       
Queen Rania al Yassin b: Kuwait
a Palestinian Arab
King Abdullah II of Jordan was born in 1962.   It was his grandfather, Abdullah I, who came from Saudi Arabia and took  land east of the Jordan River to be the Jewish Homeland for himself with the British blessing in 1948.  
Israel's neighbor, Jordan, has a pro-Western king who is also facing challenges from ISIS.  They are also suffering from financial problems because of the flood of Syrian refugees they have taken in for several years.  Whereas Syria used to have a normal population of about 22,505,000 people, Jordan used to have only 5,568,565 people.  The refugees are an extra food and water burden on their society. Jordan had experienced a BLACK SEPTEMBER in September 1970 when the Palestinian Arabs tried to take over Jordan.  Abdullah II solved many problems by marrying a Palestinian woman, now Queen Rania. He's a Sunni Muslim with one wife only and 4 children.  
                                                                                 
President Sisi of Egypt
Egypt's Sinai Peninsula  is a hotbed of militant Islamists growing in power and they are fighting against the Egyptian government while threatening Israel with attacks from there.  The head Islamist had been Morsi who was head of the Muslim Brotherhood, but General Sisi finally overcame him and took the reins of Egypt.
                                                                       
Mahmoud Abbas of PA
Judea and Samaria, so-called WEST BANK-of the Jordan River, continue with their terroristic Palestinian leaders causing incitement .  The population answers the call with more terrorist attacks against Jews.  Palestinian terrorism in recent months has killed dozens of innocent civilians and wounded more then 300 others in attacks on Israel's streets.  This is the center of BDSs origins.  They have instigated the boycotting, divesting from and sactions on Israel.                                                                      
                                                                             
Fatah and Hamas leadership, former terrorists, now making up
their unified state of Palestine on a day they came to agreement. 
Ismail Haniyeh
Gaza has been a headache for Israel ever since they departed from there and left it in the name of peace, but it was taken over from the PA by Hamas terrorists, who are the upgrade of the PLO terrorists of Arafat.
They have continually hit southern Israel with rockets, mortars and missiles.  Now they are actively rebuilding their terror positions and have stockpiled more advanced rockets.  Their forte is building tunnels, and they built new ones that reach into Israel. Israel said Hamas are digging 6 miles of tunnels each month toward Israel and they use cement and lumber meant for civilian construction to strengthen their tunnels.   Gaza's arsenal can also reach several major cities in Israel.  Hamas has rockets positioned along Israel's border.  The nearest Israelis such as Sderot,  have 6 to 10 seconds to get to safety.  Ashkelon has 10 to 12 seconds; Ashdod has between 10 to 30 seconds; Tel Aviv has 30 seconds.  Netanya, Bethlehem,  Hebron  and Jerusalem have about 50 or less seconds.  Safed, Haifa, Tiberias, Nazareth all have from 3 to 5 minutes to get to safety.  A Hamas bus bombing happened in 1996.  Then the rocket attacks came from the terrorists and killed 65 Israelis, forcing Israel to spend millions on added security.
                                                                             
School is also starting in Israel.  There, parents are not worried about the water supply in schools, or if they are painted with lead paint, worries in the USA.  There, the only thought is to have enough bomb shelters for the children.  Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur fall in October, so they will have a good start without interruption in September.
                                                                             
Borders are of utmost importance and must not be breached.  The nation of Israel sits among several failed states where terrorists roam who can attack them anytime by land, sea , air, and now from underground tunnels!
                                                                               
One protection Israel has against rockets and mortars and missiles is their IRON DOME.  Gazan terrorists had fired 4,500 rockets at Israel in the summer of 2014.  AIPAC worked with Congress for Israel to receive financial help for this.

Resource: AIPAC maps and information
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_San_Bernardino_attack
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_Khamenei
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_September







Sunday, August 28, 2016

Part of Lost Ten Tribes Found in Jerusalem

Nadene Goldfoot                                                                       
From 1200 to 1050 BCE. Joshua followed the plan as to where they would
reside, but it changed somewhat in later periods. from Joshua
2nd Census taken by Moses was:
Reuben-43,730,      Simeon-22,200
        Issachar-64,300       Zebulun-60,500     
Dan-64,400     Naphtali-45,400
Gad-40,500     Asher-53,400
Ephraim-32,500     Manasseh-52,700
               Benjamin-45,600        JUDAH-76,500                   

The American Indians were once thought to be descended from the Lost Ten Tribes of Israel; and evidence supporting this theory is still being cited today.  The Mormons have believed this theory as well as others.  DNA shows that there is a a connection, but isn't completely true.

The Lost Ten Tribes originated from Jacob's 12 sons by 4 different women; 2 wives and their 2 handmaidens.  Jacob was a direct descendant of Abraham, whose Y dna haplotype (male line only) would have shown he was a J1.  This is the name of their branch on the tree of humanity which traces the line from father to son, to son, etc.  The 2 tribes that were not taken by the Assyrians in 721 BCE were Judah, the largest tribe and part of Benjamin.  Judah's name is the origin of Jews; the Jewish people of today.  Then 10 other tribes were from northern Israel and Judah was the southern most of Israel which later broke off and created their own state of Judah after King Solomon died in 920 BCE.
                                                                                   
" By the mid-ninth century B.C., the Assyrian menace posed a direct threat to the small Syro-Palestine states to the west, including Israel and Judah."  The Assyrians were some of the cruelest people on earth. "Assyria had emerged as a territorial state in the 14th century B.C. Its territory covered approximately the northern part of modern Iraq. The first capital of Assyria was Assur, located about 150 miles north of modern Baghdad on the west bank of the Tigris River. The city was named for its national god, Assur, from which the name Assyria is also derived."  Assyrian reliefs of the day that have been uncovered show prisoners of Assyrians being led through the street like dogs with ropes attached to rings inserted in the septum of their nose.  In other reliefs, parading Assyrians are holding Hebrew prisoners aloft, impaled on Assyrian spears. (http://faculty.uml.edu/ethan_Spanier/Teaching/documents/CP6.0AssyrianTorture.pdf)
                                                                         
The usual Assyrian practice towards the captive 10 Tribes was to deport much of the upper classes of Israel and then they would settle other people in their place.  Those who remained would intermarry with the newcomers, and out of this came the Samaritans.  Samaritans said they were descended from the tribes of Ephraim and Manasseh (c. II Chron. 34:9, Jer. 41:5) with the admixture of non-Israelite colonists.  Those who were deported were never heard from again.

Assyria itself was an ancient state of Western Asia of people who were also Semites..  They had had an aggressive kingdom from the time of the 20th century BCE.  They had expanded quickly in the 13th and 10th centuries BCE.  King Hosea of Israel in 726 BCE tried to throw off the yoke of Assyria which led to their King Shalmaneser V's siege of Samaria and its capture in 721 by his successor, Sargon.
                                                            
Sargon was King of Assyria from 721-712 BCE.  He seized the throne on the death of Shalmaneser III during the siege of Samaria which he brought to a successful conclusion, exiling many of the inhabitants.  In 720, he defeated the military alliance which included the remnants of the Israelites of Samaria.  His reign was marked by a series of victories.  Then he was assassinated and succeeded  by Sennacherib.  

 Sargon annexed the country, deported 27,290 Israelites to Assyria and Media, and replaced them with Syrian and Babylonian prisoners.
                                                                               
Sargon II greeting a dignitary to Assyria 
In 1975, Dr.Magen Broshi, an archaeologist at the Israel Museum, discovered that many Israelites had fled south into the neighboring Kingdom of Judah in order to escape the Assyrian onslaught.  They had melded with their Hebrew cousins and kept their Hebrew identity.

He understood this by  findings that Jerusalem went through a large expansion during the 8th century BCE period.  Until then, it was confined to the ridge east of the narrow, central valley of the city called the Tyropoean Valley.  During this 8th century, the city exploded across the valley to the western ridge.  At the end of the 8th century, the archaeological evidence showed that the city had expanded to 3 or 4 times its former size.  Why?

Since 1968, due to regaining land from the 1967 attack by Jordan, Egypt and Syria and coming out of it the winner, Israel archaeologists were able to find this evidence of growth.  In 1970, Professor Nachman Avigad found a huge wall between 20 to 23 feet wide on the western ridge which he dated toward the end of the 8th century.  By that time, this section of the city was already enclosed by a wall.  Underneath this wall, so earlier than it, he found a structure which may date even earlier in the 8th century, showing that the western expansion of the city started before the building of the wall there.  More excavations west of the wall show us that by the end of the 8th century, Jerusalem had extensive suburbs outside the city wall.

Other excavations on the western ridge of the city which were in the Citadel, the Armenian garden and on Mount Zion, have also showed evidence of initial occupation during this period.  Dr. Broshi said, "that Jerusalem at about 700 BCE had mushroomed, historically speaking, overnight."  It cannot be explained by natural population growth or by normal economic growth.  It was a sudden, not a gradual expansion.

For millennia, the Jebusite city of Jerusalem had been confined to a small area on the eastern ridge. It was in the Middle Bronze Age of 2000 to 1550 BCE that the Canaanites first established themselves in the country and laid down the foundations of this city.  It was used as the capital of a Canaanite city state.  It seems to be the very same city of Salem that was ruled by Melchi-Zedek, priest of the most high "god" who was honored by Abraham in Genesis 14:18-19.  The Hyksos revolution left behind in Jerusalem elements of Hittite and Hurrite habitation.  In the Tel el Amarna Period of the 15th century BCE, the city was ruled by a king who was menaced by the Habiru invaders (us Jews)  so their king appealed to his pharaoh for help.  the Egyptians maintained a Cushite  garrison in Jerusalem at that time.  Joshua came along with Moses on the Exodus in about 1320 BCE and fought Adoni-zedek, Jerusalem's king and defeated him at Aijalon, but the city remained an independent enclave between the tribal areas of Benjamin and Judah.  In the 12th century, Jebus-Jerusalem kept its independence with Philistine help, until its capture by David in about 1010 BCE.
                                                                               
Jerusalem now became the capital of a united Israel as told in II Samuel 5:6-8.  Also, this is found in I Chronicles 11:4-6.  David dealt leniently with the Jebusites, a hill people of Canaan that was defeated by Joshua.  They were eventually assimilated into the Israelites.  David  established himself in the city, adding the fortress of Zion and also a House of Heroes for his guards.  He also built a tomb inside the city for himself and his dynasty.  By transferring the Ark of the Covenant there, David made Jerusalem the religious center of Israel.  By his conquest, he made it the capital of an empire reaching from the Red Sea to the Euphrates.   David's City was also limited.  Jerusalem is called Yerushalayim in Hebrew.  It is also called Zion after David's fortress, and is also known as the City of David.  In the Bible it is referred to as the city of righteousness, the faithful city, the city of G-d, the holy city, city of truth.  When it fell to the Romans in 70 CE, they called it Aelia Capitalina.  Arabs call it el-Kuds.
                                                               

It was King Solomon, David's son,  who expanded the city northward to include the area of the present Temple Mount.  This extra area was used mainly just for the Temple, Solomon's royal palace and an administrative area for government buildings.

Solomon died in 920 BCE, and from this time to the end of the 8th century BCE, almost 200 years, the city limits changed very little.  Then, toward the end of the 8th century, the city expanded by 3 to 4 times.  The population increased from about 7,500 to about 24,000!  Where did these people come from?

Dr. Broshi attributed this expansion to 2 big waves of immigration.  The 1st was a population flight from the northern kingdom of Israel as a result of the Assyrian conquest in 721 BCE.  According to his theory, a large number of the "lost tribes" took up residence in the newly settled parts of Jerusalem.  I would think that those closest to the Judean border would have been able to reach it and be part of the 16,500 population increase in Jerusalem overnight.  They would have been Dan, Benjamin, Reuben, Ephraim, Gad, and Manasseh.  Working northward, there was also Issachar, Zebulun, Asher, Naphtali and finally Manasseh of the NE quadrant.
                                                                           
Jerusalem in 1862
Population in 1838 rose from 11,000 (3,000 Jews) to
1910 and 68,000 (50,000 Jews).  New quarters built outside the Old City wall
were built by Sir Moses Montefiore from 1855.  By 1880s, Jerusalem was connected
with Jaffa by a railway line.  WWI interrupted building, population fell to 50,000.
December 1917-city was occupied by General Allenby, British army.   
The 2nd wave of immigration which is shown by the expansion of Jerusalem came later in the 8th century from the Judean territories.  It was a result of Sennacherib's invasion of Judah at the end of the 8th century.  Judah lost a lot of territory in the SW part of the kingdom to Assyria, which Assyria had then ceded to the Philistine city-states.  Many of the Judeans uprooted by this invasion also fled to Jerusalem.

What had been part of the Transjordan of King Abdullah, grandfather  of today's King Abdullah of Jordan,  were the Israelite tribes of Reuben, Gad and half of Manasseh.  There also were the Cananite kingdoms of Sihon, Og, Ammon and Moab.  (Tanakh-Stone Edition).

In 1967 and 1968, Professor Moshe Kochavi of Tel Aviv University showed that almost half of the towns in the Judsean hills which were occupied during the Judean monarchy were founded during the century before the 1st Temple was finally destroyed in 587 BCE.  Other scholars have found that many sites in other parts of the Kingdom of Judah; the Negev, in the Judean desert and along  the Dead Sea, were first intensively settled in the 8th century BCE.  Dr. Broshi concluded that the Israelites from the northern kingdom fled not only to Jerusalem, but also to many other sites in Judea which remained untouched by the Assyrians.

In this way, large number of people from the so called Lost Tribes of Israel had melded into the society of their sister kingdom of Judah.

A similar population increase at these same sites also followed the loss of the western provinces of Judah at the end of the 8th century.
                                                                         
In getting back to the American Indians, today called the native Americans being connected to the 10 Lost Tribes, DNA shows that many are of the Q Y haplogroup, which originated in Siberia, Mongolia and parts of Turkey.  They are found not only in North America but also in the South American Indians.  My brother has the haplotype of Q1b1a, an Ashkenazi Jewish line found in Lithuania, Poland and Russia. This Q haplogroup makes up 5% of the male Jewish population.   That means my brother, father, grandfather, etc all had this same Q1b1a tag.  Not only my brother but our found 3rd cousin, also a Goldfoot, has this tag so also sits on the same twig on the genealogy tree as well.  Other's may have the Q haplotype with slight variations, showing their connection.  How did the Q's become part of the Jewish 12 tribes of Israel when they should all be J1 or J2?

If a man does not produce sons, or his sons are killed before producing children, his line ends.  If he was part of a tribe, his line ended and probably a daughter's husband took over the leadership of the family tribe or clan.  Being it was the men that did most of the protecting, this would have easily happened.  Also, baby boys die more frequently than girl babies.  We girls are a little tougher in that way.  Thus, though J1 and J2 are the most prevalent DNA Y haplogroup for Jews, there are also other lines that are very common in the Jewish family;  E, I, Q, R.

So, in conclusion, many of Judah's Jews of Ashkenazim and Sephardim carry genes from many of the 12 tribes of Israel.  Probably, the majority are from Judah, but some should be from others as well.  The fact remains that Jerusalem was highly populated when the Romans destroyed the 2nd Temple in 70 CE and though some remained, more likely in a hidden state in other parts of the land, many, in order to survive, fled. We have to remember that a huge number of the population were attacked and killed, and others were starved to death.  The Assyrians had had competition in their reputation of savageness.  The Romans were, also.  From 721 BCE to 70 CE, little fury had changed towards Jacobs' 12 tribes.

Updated: 8/9/16 7:46pm. 
Resource: Jewish digest December 1975, Found:  Part of the Ten Lost Tribes from THE BIBLICAL ARCHEOLOGY REVIEW  of Sept 1975, Vol. 1, #3 from Washington DC 20006.
 http://jewishfactsfromportland.blogspot.com/2010/01/what-haplogroup-we-be.html
The New Standard Jewish Encyclopedia
The Jewish Connection by M. Hirsh Goldberg, page 106.
Tanakh, Stone Edition, Appendix page 2035  The Tribal Census.





Monday, August 22, 2016

On Past USA Understanding of the Rights of Israel to Exist

Nadene Goldfoot                                                                          
April 24, 1920- Mandate of Palestine Britain was given the mandate for 30 years
Great Britain's Balfour Declaration said it was to be used as the Jewish Homeland.
Arabs attacked Israel first.  Jews did nothing to rile them except to just be there.  . 

The problem actually started in 1910 when Standard Oil began drilling for oil.  It changed the relationship of the USA with the Middle East.

Let's get this understood.  The Middle Easterners living in the Middle East who are made up mostly of Muslim Arabs, had been a part of the Ottoman Empire which existed for 400 years, ending with WWI.  Their error was in taking sides with Germany, Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria  who lost the war.  Thus, they lost their empire to the winners. They were up against the Allies, who were the British, France and Russia, Japan and the USA.
                                                                 
It was the bloodiest of all wars, called THE GREAT WAR.This terrible war started on July 28, 1914 and ended on November 11, 1918 when 28th President Thomas Woodrow Wilson was President (1913-1921)Democrat..   9 million soldiers and 7 million civilians were killed in this war, the most of any wars.  It involved 70 million and more military personnel and 60 million of them were Europeans.  Above is a 1917 British soldier.

Because it was the most  horrible and  humongous war of all time, the League of Nations was created on June 28, 1919  after WWI ended  who turned later into the United Nations on October 24, 1945 in Lake success, New York.  WWII started on September 1, 1939 in Europe and ended on September 2, 1945.  Both were world War events killing millions of people.  
                                                                               


Jews had decided that this was the time to have their own land again after being homeless for 2,000 years.  They went to Balfour who agreed with them and wrote up his Balfour Declaration giving them the right to resettle in Palestine and have their own Jewish Homeland once again.  This is the place of birth for the Jewish people where their spiritual, religious and national identity was formed.  No other place sparked the interest of any of them.  Their ancestors had prayed for 2,000 years to return to Jerusalem.  It was special for them as for no other people.  The land had laid in waste waiting for their return.  Now it was nothing; unwanted, unloved, untended for all these years. Not even the Muslims living there thought much of settling in this outpost of the Ottoman Empire.  They preferred Damascus.

"The Balfour Declaration was a letter dated 2 November 1917 from the United Kingdom's Foreign Secretary Arthur James Balfour to Walter Rothschild, 2nd Baron Rothschild, a leader of the British Jewish community, for transmission to the Zionist Federation of Great Britain and Ireland. It read:
His Majesty's government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people, and will use their best endeavours to facilitate the achievement of this object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine, or the rights and political status enjoyed by Jews in any other country. "
              On the contrary, the Arabs did all the attacking and the Jews had to defend themselves.  The Arabs themselves showed prejudice against the civil and religious right of the Jews!.  Jews were obeying the confines of the Balfour Declaration.  

The attitude of the Muslims was to attack Jews living in Jerusalem and other parts of Palestine, for there were Jews AND Arabs living there with passports that said, Palestine.  The Balfour Declaration had been accepted by the highest and most esteemed and educated Arab, Emir Feisal, and rejected by the then ruling Arab leader in Jerusalem, Haj Amin al-Husseini, called the Sherif of Jerusalem, or the Grand Mufti.  He was appointed to this position earlier by a British Jew!  Well, his powers were being challenged.  So he instigated the riots of 1929 in Jerusalem and caused Jewish deaths this way.

There had been a crisis in Palestine and the Ottoman Empire.  Muhammad Ali had taken over and occupied Syria and Palestine!

After WWI had started, "in 1915,  the British High Commissioner to EgyptHenry McMahon, had exchanged letters with Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca, in which he had promised Hussein control of Arab lands with the exception of "portions of Syria" lying to the west of "the districts of DamascusHomsHama and Aleppo".   Palestine lay to the southwest of the Vilayet of Damascus and wasn't explicitly mentioned.   After the war the extent of the coastal exclusion was hotly disputed.  Because of this assurance, "the Arab Revolt began on 5 June 1916." The War had only started and the British and French were already laying down plans for the Ottoman Empire.  They  also "secretly concluded the Sykes–Picot Agreement on 16 May 1916.   This agreement divided many Arab territories into British- and French-administered areas and allowed for the internationalization of Palestine.

So we have 2 deals going on over the same piece of land.  This created today's problem of the Arabs not accepting a Jewish state in their midst.  Then again, when the Jews lived in the original Israel-Judah, there were no Muslims; only old empires whose religion was polygamy.  

However, it must be remembered, that the Ottoman Empire were losers in a world-wide war.  They could not count on what was promised Hussein bin Ali of Mecca, Saudi Arabia!  

However, the Jewish state was voted on in the League of Nations and the United Nations and passed .  This recognition by the United Nations of the right of the Jewish people to establish their independent State may not be revoked.  It is moreover, the self evident right of the Jewish people to be a nation, as all other nations, in its own sovereign state once again.  This land holds their genes, their dna, history and families.  It was time that the Jews had erupted and sought their own government and also fought against their state of homelessness.  Please note that the Ottoman government had done nothing with Palestine except to send tax collectors and tax the Arab and Jewish people on the land.  
                                                                         UN Palestine Partition Versions 1947.jpg
Resolution 181 of the UN was that they " recommended on the 29th of November 1947  the creation of independent Arab and Jewish States and a Special International Regime for the city of Jerusalem."  The Jews accepted it, probably sadly, while the Arabs rejected it, not wanting Jews there at all.  The Jews were sad about it because what they had been promised had been lopped off by 80% and given to Abdullah of Saudi Arabia who became King of Jordan, and now the UN wanted to give away half of their remaining 20% of Palestine.  So they were to go quickly from 100% down to 10%.  

Now, 33rd President Harry S. Truman (1945-1953) Democrat  of the USA had been on Israel's side and voted for them in the UN vote.  Before that, President Woodrow Wilson (1913-1921)  tried to keep the USA out of the Middle East War of WWI , as England with their Sykes- Picot and France focused on dividing up the Middle East.  He was influenced by a desire to give the Jews their rightful place in the world.  He said, "My personal hope is that all the Jews will make good and eventually found a Jewish State."

David Ben Gurion, leader of Israel from May 14 1948 to May 16, 1948 when they declared the Jewish state of Israel, and then  Israel's first Prime Minister (1955 -1963) ,  replied "We, who seek to build a new land amid ruins and desolation, must see how the persecuted exiles from England founded a rich and mighty country singular in its resources and creative powers."  He was talking about the creation of the USA.  

One problem the Jews faced was the United States' lack of knowledge about the Middle East.  They were involved and had no idea of each group's ideals or goals.  The Americans had a struggle between short term strategic interests, like oil, and their own basic democratic ideals to live up to.  They were basically Israel's only real friend. One fear North Americans had was a civil war if Jews were showed favoritism.  

WWII broke out and Americans preserved the pro-vichy government and maintained the racist legislation against North African Jews.  The North Africans thought the USA would help drive out the French.  However, 32nd President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1933-1945) Democrat  had ordered a low profile survey of nationalist movement in the Middle East. Roosevelt was a Democrat, and he was president while Europe's Jews were being slaughtered by the Nazis of Germany.  Most American Jews, because of this man, became Democrats.  

The French feared that Jews would control the professions and business world of North Africa.  So Roosevelt suggested that Jews be restricted to small numbers in the legal and medical professions to eliminate competition for the Gentiles.  Though Jews may have had very high test results, they found they were turned down in medical school because of this % rule of only allowing a few into the schools.  This was the fear of Gentiles in Germany as well.  Jews on the whole are very bright, and the German Gentile complained of their successes.  Jews of today only make up 0.02% of the world population, and because more of their culture, which has produced very capable people, they are held not in esteem but in envy.  At least Einstein with an IQ of 180 was only held in awe though he was also Jewish.

Roosevelt's undersecretary of State, Sumner Welles, in his memoir wrote:  Roosevelt thought a Jewish state could be a model of social policy and help raise living standards throughout the Middle East, which he was in agreement with Emir Feisal, who thought the same.  Once a Palestinian Jewish commonwealth was created, "far reaching projects for irrigation, power development and the construction of communications" could be carried out.  Perhaps the Arab countries would find this an inducement and their people and leaders would" overcome racial antagonism."   Like the Germans, the Arabs in power were protecting their own power and position and not only were envious, but rioted and attacked Jews.  

34th President Dwight David Eisenhower (1953-1961)Republican was convinced that Allied forces couldn't show justice to the Jews AND win the war in the Middle East. "Many things done here that look queer are just to keep the Arabs from blazing up in revolt," he said.  American had a meandering, confused policy in the Middle East.  

35th President  John F. Kennedy (1961-1963)Democrat  was concerned about Dimona and Nasser of Egypt.  
36th President Lyndon Baines Johnson (1963-1969)Democrat a Texan, was concerned about religion, and saw Israel as a latter day Alamo.  He became involved in the Vietnam War and was president during Israel's 6 Day War of 1967.  

37th President Richard Milhous Nixon's (1969-1974) Republican  main concern were the Soviets.  He said, "Israel is the most effective stopper to the Mideast power of the Soviet Union."  He helped stop the war of attrition.  "We want peace, and they, meaning the Soviets, want the Middle East."  He believed that an Israel that felt secure in its alliance with the USA would take the necessary risks for attaining peace.  He then authorized his Secretary of State, William P. Rogers, to mediate an end to fighting between Egypt and Israel and to pressure Israel to accept a territory for peace arrangement.  Israel's Prime Minister, Golda Meir,  wouldn't give up any territories gained in the 6 Day War for anything less than FULL PEACE!  She was of the Labor Party, and Netanyahu of the Likud party feels the same way.  So do most all Israelis.  

Henry KIssinger, Secretary of State for Nixon, asked Israel to save Jordan in 1970.  Kissinger had said, "The Europeans behaved like Jackals.  Their behavior was a total disgrace."  

38th President Gerald Rudolph Ford (1974-1977)Republican  had a "reassessment" of American policy towards Israel Plan.  Prime Minister Rabin of Israel mobilized AIPAC, the only Jewish Lobby Group, who got both houses of Congress to help Israel and the pressure caused Ford to drop the reassessment.  Ford was very uneducated on the Middle East.  

39th President James Earl Carter, Jr. (1977-1981) Democrat  has been the least moved by Israel in that he has written books against her and has taken the Palestinian side.  He's done more to harm Israel after being president than during that time.  His claim to fame is his idea that only Palestinians have legitiimate rights.  He cannot prove this with any facts.  The Palestinians are not a people, they are a mixed bag of from different Arab countries surrounding and further away the nation of Israel.  There has never been the nation of Palestine.  It's just the name the Romans gave to the land in 135 CE after a 3 year war with Jewish General Bar Kokhba who was up against the whole Roman Army and was outnumbered and died in battle.  

40th President Ronald Wilson Reagan (1981-1989) Republican,  had a very complex relationship with the Middle East.  He felt that oil was of paramount importance to the USA, so here we are.  He was religiously oriented with his wife who sought out seers.  In 1981 he sold AWACS surveillance aircraft.  He suspended the Strategic Cooperation Agreement when the Arabs protested the annexation of the Golan Heights to Israel.  However, he endorsed measures to strengthen Israel militarily and economically.  He assisted the Soviet and Ethiopian Jews to immigrate to Israel.  

He was president during the Osirak bombing of June 7, 1981 of the atomic plant of Syria by Israel.  He suspended the delivery of paid for jet fighters and allowed Secretary of State Jean Kirpatrick to support the UN condemnation of Israel.  So he ran hot and cold towards Israel.  It's said that Reagan was running circles in the Middle East.  Where did he stand?

41st President George Herbert Walker Bush (1989-1993)Republican  West Bank and Gaza were problematic to him and he wouldn't give Israel loans over it. " As vice president, he personally spearheaded Operation Joshua, the 1985 rescue of Ethiopian Jewry, and was involved in every step of the U.S. military's manning and execution of that mission. In 1991, America was a key to the success of Operation Solomon, which brought 14,000 more Ethiopian Jews to Israel. In 1991, the Bush administration succeeded in reversing the infamous U.N. resolution that equated Zionism with racism."

42nd President William Jefferson Clinton (1993-2001) Democrat  He was involved in the 1993 Oslo Peace Accords and the Camp David Summit of 2000. "Yasser Arafat and Yitzhak Rabin signed the Declaration of Principles on Interim Self-Government in Oslo, Norway.   This event is also seen by many people as the definitive end to the First Intifada  (although some argue it had effectively ended by 1991–1992). By 1993, the violence of the Intifada had claimed the lives of 1162 Palestinians and 160 Israelis."  All these measures ended in attacks on Israel, unsuccessful peace tries.   October 26, 1994-"With mediation provided by the United States, the Israel–Jordan Treaty of Peace was signed by Yitzhak Rabin and King Hussein. November 4, 1995- Prime minister Yitzhak Rabin was assassinated in Tel Aviv.  Shimon Peres assumed position of acting Prime Minister.  Killer was upset by give-away of land in peace agreement.    

43rd President George Walker Bush (2001-2009)Republican He was for 2 states for 2 parties, but said rightly, "First thing is to convince all parties that the two states were necessary for peace." With Hamas terrorism ruling Gaza and the PA is nothing but Arafat's old PLO , there is no agreement between the now divided Arab Palestinians. 2006 2nd Lebanon-Israel War. " It was a 34-day military conflict in Lebanon, Northern Israel and the Golan Heights. The principal parties were Hezbollah paramilitary forces and the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). The conflict started on 12 July 2006, and continued until a United Nations-brokered ceasefire went into effect in the morning on 14 August 2006, though it formally ended on 8 September 2006 " Held Annapolis Conference on November 25, 2007-"It will also provide an opportunity for the Israelis, the Palestinians, and their neighbors to recommit to implementing the Roadmap, with the U.S. monitoring their progress by the parties' agreement. Finally, the conference will review Palestinian plans to build the institutions of a democratic state and their preparations for next month's donors' conference in Paris. It failed. 

44th President Barack Hussein Obama II 2009-2016) Democrat   He expected Netanyahu to return to the 1967 lines, which would put Jews  in harm's way.  He folded with Iran, allowing them the opportunity to create atomic power-thought to be used against Israel and USA.  HIllary Clinton was his Secretary of State.  September 14, 2010- Direct talks: A second round of Middle East peace talks between Israel and the Palestinian Authority concluded in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt. September 2011Palestine Authority moved a resolution in UN for recognition of Palestine statehood, calling it a 'Palestine Spring."  November 2011- Palestine won membership of UNESCO while UN vote on statehood was put off amid no support from France and UK while USA had threatened to veto it.  March 2012 Gaza–Israel clashes. Gaza militants launched over 300 rockets, Grad missiles, and mortar shells into southern Israel, wounding 23 Israeli civilians. Israel retaliated with air strikes on Gazan weapons storage facilities, rocket launching sites, weapon manufacturing facilities, training bases, posts, tunnels and terror operatives, killing 22 militants.   4 Palestinian civilians died during the clashes, though some of their deaths were found to be unrelated to Israeli actions. June 12, 2014- 3 teenaged Israelis holding dual citizenship were killed while hitchhiking home from their religious schools in towns in Judea-Samaria by Arab terrorists.
 This started further fighting.  

45th President?  Clinton or Trump?  (2017-2020

Resource:  Notes from Hadassah 10/10/2010)
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_I
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balfour_Declaration
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Partition_Plan_for_Palestine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_AWACS_Sale
http://www.mideastweb.org/israeldeclaration.htm
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/GHWBush.html
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/US-Israel/clintontoc.html
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/US-Israel/bushtoc.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict