Saturday, February 7, 2015

TIMELINE: Anti-Semitism in Europe Yesterday and Today

Nadene Goldfoot                                                              
Martin Luther turned against Jews when they refused to convert.  
   
Europe is again becoming very anti-Semitic.  This time they are blaming the creation of Israel as reason.  However, they have had a whole history of anti-Semitism way before Israel's creation in 1948. With the creation of Christianity, they have squelched its lessons of love into one of hatred for Jews. Even with Pope Benedict XVI  in 2011 finally forgiving Jews of today for what our ancestors were accused of doing, killing Jesus, and they are again reenacting past behaviors.  We were hated for being in European countries and now we are hatred for going back to our Jewish Homeland in the Middle East.    We've been the scapegoats of the West and of the East.  Our presence in the Middle East was accepted, unlike it was in Europe, but only as 2nd class citizens who had to pay for protection in the form of extra Jewish taxes and live under many hurtful rules that Muslims did not live under.  There were even times of pogroms there as well.
                                                                   
Herod I (73 BCE-4 BCE) appointed king by Romans who occupied Jerusalem
66 CE -135 CE  The Jewish–Roman wars were a series of large-scale revolts by the Jews of the Eastern Mediterranean against the Roman Empire.
                                                                  
70 CE  Romans taking Jerusalem, destroying Temple, most Jews expelled
Jews found in Germany with Roman garrisons, forced to be soldiers or die.
115 CE Jews expelled from Cyprus
115-117 CE Jews followed Artemion in a Jewish revolt against Rome, seized control of a large part of the island, but Trajan sent Roman reinforcements which defeated the Jews; Artemion killed; Jews returned to Cyprus later.                                            
Bar Kockba 
132-135 CE Bar Kokhba revolted against Romans of 35,000 soldiers, took Jerusalem back, lost it, killed in 135.  580,000 Jewish casualties in war plus Jews who died of hunger and disease.

640 Jews in Byzantine Empire forced to convert to Christianity
700s, 800s Carolingian royal house of Germany had pro-Jewish policy, encouraged Jews to settle and trade.
721 Jews in Byzantine Empire forced to convert to Christianity
873 Jews in Byzantine Empire forced to convert to Christianity
900s Jews settled in Worms, Mainz, Magdeburg, Ratisbon, Speyer, Germany
1012 persecution of Jews in Germany
1066 Jews entered England with Norman Conquest, following William the Conqueror from Continent.
1096  German Crusade massacres Jews in Europe's towns, Rhineland and nearby areas
                                                                             
Crusaders killing Jews while going through Europe and in Jerusalem
TIMES OF ATTACKING JEWS, STOPPED TRADE, FORCED INTO MONEY-LENDING
1146  Jews of Spain forced to convert to Christianity
1160  Jews living in Germany-Rabbi of Worms, Germany born there.
1171 Blood libel told in Blois, France.
1215 Anti Jewish legislation of 4th Lateran Council.
1240 Talmud burned in France after the Disputation of Paris.
1290 Jews expelled from England for 365 years until 1655.
1298 Jews were massacred in Germany-encouraged by Rindfleisch, a knight
1306 Jews expelled from France brutally.
1321 Emperor Constantine had regulations of Jews in Cologne, Jews moved to Rhineland
1336 Jews were massacred in Germany-encouraged by Armleders, fanatics
1348-1349 Jews were massacred in Germany by fanatics, accused of causing BLACK DEATH (Epidemic of plague-thought Jews had poisoned wells) , 350 Jewish communities attacked, extreme barbarism, 200 communities wiped out.  Jewish survivors kept perpetually in poverty (no money) by leaders; cancelled debts.  MIDDLE AGES period, Jews studied Talmud, Jews banished  from most of larger German cities.  16th century saw only Worms and Frankfort-on Main with Jews in Germany.
1349-1360 Jews expelled from Hungary
1355 Jews in Toledo, Spain massacred by mob.  12,000 killed.
1391 Jews of Spain forced to convert to Christianity
1420 Toulouse, France Jews annihilated, all Jews killed
1421 Jews expelled from Austria
1492 Jews  expelled from Spain, 180,000 fled.  Also 50,000 forced to convert to Christianity.  
1495 Jews expelled from Lithuania
1497 Jews expelled from Portugal, Sicily and Sardinia
1502 Jews expelled from Rhodes, or forced to convert to Christianity or made into slaves
1541 Jews expelled from Kingdom of Naples (Italy).
1543 Martin Luther, anti-Jewish German Catholic priest, suggested burning Synagogues, homes destroyed, kept in a stable, take their belongings, then expelled.  Started Lutheranism, known later as the Protestant Reformation.

1622 Denmark invited Sephardi Jews to live there to develop commerce.  
1657 Frederick III permitted Sephardim to live in Denmark freely, but German Jews still needed special permission.  No political right were given to them.  
1790 French Revolution. Gave full emanacipation to Jews in France.  
1814 rights were given to Danish Jews and full equality.  
1819 Hep! Hep! riots against Jews in Germany
1894-1906 Dryfuss Affair in France, accusing Dryfuss of aiding Germany, not true-start of anti-Semitism
1897  Star of David Jewish symbol of Jewish national aspirations.Zionist Congress, Theodore Herzl, leader.
1918 World War I ended, 12,000 German Jews fought for Germany; Jews fought for Austro-Hungarian army also
1918 Jews found themselves living in Poland-change from WWI.
1918 Ukrainians killed 50+ Jews after war in in eastern Polish city of Lvov.  Chaim Weizmann wrote on 29 Nov. 1918 that new liberated Poles were killing Jews by methods learned from Russians.  Pogroms.
1919 In Ukrainian Proskurov, followers of Simon Petlura murdered 1700 Jews-finally killed 60,000 Jews at end of year.  (Leftover hatred from Tsarist days).  Vilna, Lithuania saw 80 Jews murdered.  Galicia had 500 Jews killed.  British diplomat wrote on Dec. 18, 1919 that Poles killed many Jews of possible Communist sympathies, arrested many.  Women kept in prison without trial, stripped naked, flogged, led to cemetery, executed, buried in graves they had to dig.
GERMANY:  JEWS BLAMED FOR LOSING WWI.  August 14, 1919-attacks on Jews by anti-Semites.
Treaty of St. Germain gave Austrian Jews minority rights.
                                                                           
Hitler
1920 National Socialist Germany's new political party-25 point program in Munich with just 60 members-racialist point 4; None but those of German blood may be members of the Nation.  No Jew may be a member.  All Jews new to Germany since 1914 had to leave.  Hitler was member.  August 13, 1920-Hitler spoke on why we are against the Jews.
1921.  Nazi party formed, the Sturmabteilung or Storm Section of party, Stormtroops formed.(brownshirts).  Swastika was party symbol.
1922 Walther Rathenau, German Jewish Foreign Minister of Germany,  was assassinated.
1923 Julius Streicher, a Nuremberg Nazi, launched Der Sturmer, newspaper slandering Jews, Munich expelled 70 of 350 east European Jews from Bavaria, will expell all soon.  Hitler tried to take Munich, arrested, sentenced to 5 years in detention, released after 8 months,
1925 Hitler had written Mein Kampf (his struggle) now  published.  Full of hatred for Jews-especially of Vienna
1926 On 25th of May in Paris, a Jew, Shalom Schwarzbard, killed Simon Petlura to avenge pogroms...Nazi party now had 17,000 members.   -Hitler Youth started.
1927 Nazis now had 40,000 members.
1928 Nazis in German national elections with 12 seats in the Reichstag.
INFLATION ROSE, UNEMPLOYMENT GREW, GERMAN COMMUNISTS GREW.
1929 Unemployment in Germany counted 3 million.  All affected; workers and employers.  Nazis denounced Jewish wealth, stormtroopers killed 8 Jews.  For 9 months Jews were attacked everywhere
1930 Election, 78 Jews injured in attacks.  Nazis got 107 seats in election, had 6 million votes, 2nd largest party in Germany.  Crowds chanted, death to Judah.
1931  Jews and Freemasons were hated., on Rosh Hashanah, stormtrooops attacked Jews coming from synagogues.  gangs beat up elderly Jews while others protected the gangs.  50 synagogues desecrated, thousands of tombstones defiled in mover 100 Jewish cemeteries.
1932 June Election for President, Hindenburg won , Adolf Hitler came in 2nd, more popular than Communism, Nazis got 230 seats..
1932 November-further elections-deal made
1933 Hitler appointed Chancellor on January 30th at age 43.  Attacked Communists.
1933 March 9th Stormtroops active in Berlin beating Jews, in gangs from 5 to 30, often hitting one Jew
1934 Jews emigrated to Sweden and during WWII.  Settled in Malmo.  By 1990 there were 15,000 Jews in Sweden.
1935 Nuremberg Laws on September 15th-businesses of Jews go into Aryan hands, racial concepts taught in schools, brain washing of children, racially inferior people must be eliminated.
1936 Anti-Jewish acts in other states.  Rumania attacked Jews, riots, bombs, Kishinev pogrom, no Jews accepted in Medical School. Nazis spread hatred in person.  Jewish medical student in Switzerland assassinated Hitler's rep, Gustloff.  German Jews fled to Poland.  Przytyk pogrom.
1936 Hitler sent German troops into Rhineland  on March 7th which had been demilitarized since 1918.  On 15th April, Palestinian Arabs began General Strike protest against Jewish immigration, killed many Jews.  August in Warsaw, Poland, said that all shops had to show name of owner.  Jews fled Poland .
1937 Germany increased military and air.  Helmut Hirsch, Jewish, charged with intentions to assassinate Streicher, American by parentage only, executed with an axe, Jeews now sentenced to Dachau concentration camp holding 300 Jews.  3,601 German Jews and 3,636 Polish Jews  reached Palestine.  British Mandate restricted immigration.  3,000 German Jews sent to  Bolivia.  350 physical assaults in August.
1938 German Jewish population  540,000.  Rumanian Jews deprived of citizenship.  Jews of Germany 2nd class citizens.  German army entered Vienna on March 12th.  Jews were 1/6 of population, lost all civil rights, property, work, be in restaurants, etc. Austrian Jews lost rights.  Suicides of Jews occurred throughout this time.  Jews of Frankfurt suffered.  1,500 Jews sent to Dachau.  Synagogue burned down June 9th in Munich.  2,000 Jews arrested in Germany.  Germans reported to be laughing as they inflict pain, forcing others to laugh with them.  People became immune to feelings of outrage, shun compassion.
1938 Kristallnacht (the Night of Broken Glass)  November 9th and 10th. A nationwide pogrom, in Germany,  annexed Austria, and in areas of the Sudetenland in Czechoslovakia recently occupied by German troops. Destruction of 207 synagogues, wholesale arrests, Germans said started because of assassination of Ernst vom Rath, a German embassy official stationed in Paris. by a Jew whose parents had been expelled from their home by Nazis.  
                                                                     

1939  Jews had to wear Jewish badge.  Limited emigration by outbreak of WWII in September.   By September Jewish population was cut in half.
March 15th, Hitler marched into Hitler marched into Prague, Czechoslovakia.
                                                                           
 From May 4th to May 12th, my Uncle Werner managed to get on last ship- SS Washington at age 22, but had to leave his parents and 16 year old red-headed sister; costs $M350.  to New York, then Texas.  It took every penny his parents could scrape up. He had spent time in Dachau.  He was to get established and send for them.  He couldn't.                                  
Warsaw Ghetto Uprising -being starved to death, murdered 
1939  September 1st, Hitler marched into Poland who had 3 million Jews.  Suffered wholesale massacres Ghettos set up in Warsaw, Lodz, Bialystok, etc. .
"By the time the Germans invaded Poland in September 1939, unleashing World War II, there were six concentration camps in the so-called Greater German Reich:Dachau (founded 1933), Sachsenhausen (1936), Buchenwald (1937),Flossenbürg in northeastern Bavaria near the 1937 Czech border (1938), Mauthausen, near Linz, Austria (1938), and Ravensbrück, the women's camp, established in Brandenburg Province, southeast of Berlin (1939), after the dissolution of Lichtenburg." 
1940 Fall of French government-Vichy government took over.  Anti-Jewish legislation was enforced.
1941 Decision to liquidate Jews.                        
Grand Mufti of Jerusalem, Haj Amin al-Husseini and Hitler in 1941 
1942-1945 Almost no Jews remained in Germany.  The Annihilation of European Jewry , 6 million were slaughtered.  Christian X of Denmark made great efforts to save Danish Jewry during WWII and helped most of them to escape to Sweden.

World War II resulted in an estimated 55 million deaths worldwide. It was the largest and most destructive conflict in history. It ended in 1945.  The Germans and their allies were called the AXIS.  The Ottoman Empire was one of them.  They lost their empire to the Western Allies.  

We just witnessed a Muslim killing Jews in Paris in a supermarket.  People, including the heads of state of several countries, marched to do away with such hatreds.  Yet, A chilling new video clip recorded last year captures the reality of rising anti-Semitism in France. In it, a group of anti-government demonstrators march through Paris, singing the French national anthem and chanting “Juif, la France n’est pas a toi” (“Jew, France is not yours”)–all on the eve of International Holocaust Remembrance Day: January 2014.   More than a million people joined over 40 presidents and prime ministers on the streets of Paris on Sunday January 2015  in the most striking show of solidarity in the West against the threat of Islamic extremism since the Sept. 11 attacks.   I'm sure they wouldn't have marched except that cartoonists who made fun of Mohammad were also killed by these extremists.  It just happened that French Jews were killed at about the same time by the same type of people on Friday.  
Marching in unison against extreme Islamic Killers


First it's been the western European who has been anti-Semitic and now it's the extreme Muslims who live in Europe and have taken over the role of being anti-Semitic and have been getting away with it-up to now.
Attacks have taken place in Malmo, Sweden without any repercussions.

President Obama just reminded attendees at a breakfast on January 5th when talking about the extremist Muslims such as ISIS, that "[L]est we get on our high horse and think this is unique to some other place, remember that during the Crusades and the Inquisition, people committed terrible deeds in the name of Christ,” Obama noted.  ”In our home country, slavery and Jim Crow all too often was justified in the name of Christ,” he added, referring to segregationists’ fondness for Biblical injunctions against interracial mingling." This has become today's news.   He was thinking, of course, about his American Black brothers who suffered from racial hatred.  He doesn't know that half of it that Jews have been through and that this is why Israel is so important to us.  His father "Obama, a Kenyan,  was raised in a Muslim family.  When he was about six years old and attending a Christian missionary school, the boy converted to Anglicanism when strongly encouraged by the staff. He changed his name from "Baraka" to "Barack".  He is listed as an atheist.  He died in 1982.   

Religion has become synonymous with POWER instead of a way of life to please  and to be like G-d.  ISIS is looking for power and land and though their leader, Bagdadi, is a PhD in religion, are not following the precepts of Islam.  Christianity did the same thing 2,000 years ago.  Power went to the heads of the leaders and they became brutal killers of everyone not Christian.  Both have had a hard time accepting Jews.  ISIS shares their attitude with Iran today who threatens the lives of Israelis.  Today young people are joining up with ISIS because they display their power, not the benefits of Islam.  

Resource: The Holocaust by Martin Gilbert
The New Jewish Encyclopedia
https://www.google.com/?gws_rd=ssl#gs_ssp=eJzj4tDP1TcwqUyJBwAKlQJ-&q=martin+luther
facts about Israel-timeline,  division of Information, ministry for foreign affairs, Jerusalem
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walther_Rathenau
http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/pope-exonerates-jews-for-death-of-jesus-1.346699
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish%E2%80%93Roman_wars
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005201
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warsaw_Ghetto_Uprising
http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005263
http://tabletmag.com/scroll/160800/jew-france-is-not-yours-chant-anti-government-demonstrators-in-paris
http://forward.com/articles/214175/je-suis-dreyfus/?utm_content=DailyNewsletter_TopArea_Position-2_Headline&utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_term=The%20Forward%20Today%20%28Monday-Friday%29&utm_campaign=Saturday-and-Sunday_Daily_Newsletter%202015-02-07
***Update 2/7/15  9:27pm http://www.breakingisraelnews.com/28809/confronting-european-anti-semitism-opinion/?utm_source=Breaking+Israel+News&utm_campaign=9a0b2623fc-BIN+Email&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_b6d3627f72-9a0b2623fc-83518689#dmyqKJf3ciWLw7Rx.97 from Alan Dershowitz
*** Update 2/7/15 major concentration camps 1941-1945 http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/major_camps.html
*****Special Video-2/13/15: https://www.youtube.com/embed/j6k1jHAYtbI#t=1226  The Mystery of the Jews

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